You May Ask Yourself: An Introduction to Thinking Like a Sociologist 7th Edition by Dalton Conley, ISBN-13: 978-0393537741

You May Ask Yourself: An Introduction to Thinking Like a Sociologist 7th Edition by Dalton Conley, ISBN-13: 978-0393537741

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ W. W. Norton & Company; Seventh edition (July 1, 2021)
• Language: ‎ English
• 952 pages
• ISBN-10: ‎ 0393537749
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-0393537741

The bestselling “untextbook” that makes the familiar strange.

Table of Contents:

xxiii Preface
2 PART 1: USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION
4 CHAPTER 1: THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION: AN
INTRODUCTION
6 The Sociological Imagination
8 HOW TO BE A SOCIOLOGIST ACCORDING TO QUENTIN
TARANTINO: A SCENE FROM PULP FICTION
10 What Are the True Costs and Returns of College?
13 Getting That “Piece of Paper”
16 What Is a Social Institution?
19 The Sociology of Sociology
20 Auguste Comte and the Creation of Sociology
20 TWO CENTURIES OF SOCIOLOGY
23 Classical Sociological Theory
29 American Sociology
32 Modern Sociological Theories
36 Doing Theory
37 Sociology and Its Cousins
37 History
39 Anthropology
41 The Psychological and Biological Sciences
42 Economics and Political Science
43 Divisions within Sociology
44 Microsociology and Macrosociology
44 Conclusion
44 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
46 PRACTICE: SEEING SOCIOLOGICALLY
48 CHAPTER 2: METHODS
52 Research 101
53 Causality versus Correlation
56 Variables
57 Hypothesis Testing
57 Validity, Reliability, and Generalizability
59 Role of the Researcher
63 Choosing Your Method
63 Data Collection
68 SAMPLES: THEY’RE NOT JUST THE FREE TASTES AT
THE SUPERMARKET
74 Ethics of Social Research
75 POLICY: THE POLITICAL BATTLE OVER THE CITIZENSHIP
QUESTION
77 Conclusion
78 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
80 PRACTICE: SOCIOLOGY, WHAT IS IT GOOD FOR?
82 CHAPTER 3: CULTURE AND MEDIA
84 Definitions of Culture
84 Culture = Human – Nature
85 Culture = (Superior) Man – (Inferior) Man
87 Culture = Man – Machine
88 Material versus Nonmaterial Culture
89 Language, Meaning, and Concepts
90 Ideology
91 Studying Culture
94 Subculture
95 Cultural Effects: Give and Take
97 Reflection Theory
99 Media
99 From the Town Crier to the Facebook Wall: A Brief
History
101 Hegemony: The Mother of All Media Terms
102 The Media Life Cycle
102 Texts
102 Back to the Beginning: Cultural Production
103 Media Effects
105 Mommy, Where Do Stereotypes Come From?
106 THE RACE AND GENDER POLITICS OF MAKING OUT
108 Racism in the Media
110 Sexism in the Media
111 Political Economy of the Media
113 Consumer Culture
113 Advertising and Children
115 Culture Jams: Hey Calvin, How ’Bout Giving That Girl a
Sandwich?
116 Conclusion
117 POLICY: WHAT’S IN A NAME?
119 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
120 PRACTICE: SUBCULTURE WARS
122 CHAPTER 4: SOCIALIZATION AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF
REALITY
125 Socialization: The Concept
126 Limits of Socialization
126 “Human” Nature
127 Theories of Socialization
127 Me, Myself, and I: Development of the Self and the
Other
131 Agents of Socialization
131 Families
135 School
137 Peers
138 Adult Socialization
140 Total Institutions
141 Social Interaction
143 Gender Roles
146 The Social Construction of Reality
150 Dramaturgical Theory
155 Ethnomethodology
156 New Technologies: What Has the Internet Done to
Interaction?
158 POLICY: ROOMMATES WITH BENEFITS
160 Conclusion
161 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
162 PRACTICE: ROLE CONFLICT AND ROLE STRAIN
164 CHAPTER 5: GROUPS AND NETWORKS
166 Social Groups
167 Just the Two of Us
168 And Then There Were Three
171 Size Matters: Why Social Life Is Complicated
172 Let’s Get This Party Started: Small Groups, Parties, and
Large Groups
174 Primary and Secondary Groups
175 Group Conformity
176 In-Groups and Out-Groups
176 Reference Groups
176 From Groups to Networks
177 Embeddedness: The Strength of Weak Ties
181 Six Degrees
182 Social Capital
186 CASE STUDY: SURVIVAL OF THE AMISH
189 Network Analysis in Practice
190 The Social Structure of Teenage Sex
193 Romantic Leftovers
194 Organizations
195 Organizational Structure and Culture
196 Institutional Isomorphism: Everybody’s Doing It
197 POLICY: RIGHT TO BE FORGOTTEN
198 Conclusion
199 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
200 PRACTICE: HOW TO DISAPPEAR
202 CHAPTER 6: SOCIAL CONTROL AND DEVIANCE
205 What Is Social Deviance?
206 Functionalist Approaches to Deviance and Social
Control
211 Social Control
213 A Normative Theory of Suicide
218 Social Forces and Deviance
220 Symbolic Interactionist Theories of Deviance
220 Labeling Theory
224 THE STANFORD PRISON EXPERIMENT AND ABU
GHRAIB
227 Stigma
228 Broken Windows Theory of Deviance
230 Crime
230 Street Crime
231 White-Collar Crime
232 Interpreting the Crime Rate
235 Crime Reduction
235 Deterrence Theory of Crime Control
237 Goffman’s Total Institution
239 Foucault on Punishment
243 The US Criminal Justice System
246 POLICY: DOES PRISON WORK BETTER AS
PUNISHMENT OR REHAB?
248 Conclusion
249 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
250 PRACTICE: EVERYDAY DEVIANCE
252 PART 2: FAULT LINES . . . SOCIAL DIVISION AND INEQUALITY
254 CHAPTER 7: STRATIFICATION
257 Views of Inequality
257 Jean-Jacques Rousseau
258 The Scottish Enlightenment and Thomas Malthus
261 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
263 Modern Theories of Inequality
264 Standards of Equality
264 Equality of Opportunity
266 Equality of Condition
267 Equality of Outcome
268 Forms of Stratification
268 Estate System
269 Caste System
270 Class System
273 Status Hierarchy System
276 Elite–Mass Dichotomy System
278 INCOME VERSUS WEALTH
279 How Is America Stratified Today?
279 The Upper Class
281 The Middle Class
284 The Poor
285 Global Inequality
288 Social Reproduction versus Social Mobility
293 POLICY: CLASS-BASED AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
295 Conclusion
296 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
298 PRACTICE: THE $5,000 TOOTHBRUSH
300 CHAPTER 8: GENDER
302 Let’s Talk About Sex Gender
303 Sex: A Process in the Making
304 Seeing Sex as Social: The Case of Nonbinary
Individuals
305 Sexed Bodies in the Premodern World
305 Contemporary Concepts of Sex and the Paradoxes of
Gender
306 Gender: What Does It Take to Be Feminine or
Masculine?
307 Making Gender
309 Gender Differences over Time
310 WELCOME TO ZE COLLEGE, ZE
313 Theories of Gender Inequality
313 Rubin’s Sex/Gender System
315 Parsons’s Sex Role Theory
316 Psychoanalytic Theories
317 Conflict Theories
318 “Doing Gender”: Interactionist Theories
319 Black Feminism and Intersectionality
320 Postmodern and Global Perspectives
321 Growing Up, Getting Ahead, and Falling Behind
322 Growing Up with Gender
323 Inequality at Work
330 Sociology in the Bedroom
330 Sex: From Plato to NATO
331 The Social Construction of Sexuality
335 Contemporary Sexualities: The Q Word
337 “Hey”: Teen Sex, from Hooking Up to Virginity Pledges
340 Sex and Aging
342 POLICY: #METHREE
343 Conclusion
344 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
346 PRACTICE: MEASURING MANSPLAINING
348 CHAPTER 9: RACE
350 The Myth of Race
353 The Concept of Race from the Ancients to Alleles
354 Race in the Early Modern World
357 Eugenics
359 Twentieth-Century Concepts of Race
361 Racial Realities
364 Race versus Ethnicity
367 Racial Groups in the United States
367 Native Americans
369 African Americans
370 Latinxs
372 Asian Americans
374 Middle Eastern Americans
374 The Importance of Being White
377 Inter-Group Relations
378 Pluralism
380 Segregation and Discrimination
385 Racial Conflict
386 Group Responses to Domination
386 Withdrawal
387 Passing
388 Acceptance versus Resistance
388 Prejudice, Discrimination, and the New Racism
391 How Race Matters: The Case of Wealth
393 Institutional Racism
395 The Future of Race
399 POLICY: DNA DATABASES
400 Conclusion
401 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
402 PRACTICE: HOW SEGREGATED ARE YOU?
404 CHAPTER 10: POVERTY
408 The Culture of Poverty
408 Negative Income Tax
412 The Underclass
417 The Bell Curve Thesis
418 Moving to Opportunity
423 The War on Poverty Today
427 Poverty amid Plenty
428 Absolute and Relative Poverty
432 The Effects of Poverty on Children’s Life Chances
434 Why Is the United States So Different?
438 POLICY: SEEKING SWF
439 Conclusion
440 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
442 PRACTICE: KNOWN UNKNOWNS
444 CHAPTER 11: HEALTH AND SOCIETY
448 The Rise (and Fall?) of the Medical Profession
448 Why We Think Doctors Are Special
451 The Rise of the Biomedical Culture
453 Doctors’ Denouement?
455 What Does It Mean to Be Sick?
455 The Sick Role
455 Social Construction of Illness
456 The US Health Care System
457 Health Care in the United States: Who’s Got You
Covered?
459 The Social Determinants of Health and Illness
461 We’re Not All Born Equal: Prenatal and Early Life
Determinants
465 Postnatal Health Inequalities
474 Aging and Health
477 Health Care for Older Americans
479 COVID-19 and Health Inequalities
481 The Sociology of Mental Health
481 Rise of Diagnostic Psychiatry
484 The Power of a Pill?
485 Global Health
486 Global Poverty and Health: Cause versus Effect
489 H2O TO GO
490 The Age of AIDS
492 POLICY: HOUSING FOR HEALTH
494 Conclusion
494 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
496 PRACTICE: I’LL GO TO THE GYM TOMORROW
498 PART 3: BUILDING BLOCKS: INSTITUTIONS OF SOCIETY
500 CHAPTER 12: FAMILY
503 Family Forms and Changes
504 Malinowski and the Traditional Family
508 The Family in the Western World Today
511 Keeping It in the Family: The Historical Divide between
Public and Private
511 Premodern Families
513 The Emergence of the Male Breadwinner Family
514 Families after World War II
516 Family and Work: A Not-So-Subtle Revolution
517 A Feminist “Rethinking of the Family”
519 When Home Is No Haven: Domestic Abuse
520 The Chore Wars: Supermom Does It All
526 Swimming and Sinking: Inequality and American
Families
526 African American Families
528 Latinx Families
529 Flat Broke with Children
533 The Pecking Order: Inequality Starts at Home
535 The Future of Families, and There Goes the Nation!
535 Divorce
538 Blended Families
538 Gay, Lesbian, and Transgender Families
540 Multiracial Families
541 Immigrant Families
542 POLICY: EXPANDING MARRIAGE
544 Conclusion
544 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
546 PRACTICE: MAKING INVISIBLE LABOR VISIBLE
548 CHAPTER 13: EDUCATION
550 Learning to Learn or Learning to Labor? Functions of
Schooling
551 Socialization
555 Do Schools Matter?
556 The Coleman Report
557 Class Size
558 Private Schools versus Public Schools
560 What’s Going On Inside Schools?
560 The Sorting Machine Revisited: Tracking
564 The Classroom Pressure Cooker
568 Higher Education
568 The Rise and Rise of Higher Education: Credentialism
570 The SAT: Meritocracy and the Big Test
573 Affirmative Action: Myths and Reality
575 Intelligence or IQ?
576 Adult Learning
577 Inequalities in Schooling
577 Class
581 Race
586 Ethnicity
587 Impending Crisis: The Boy–Girl Achievement Gap
588 All in the Family
590 POLICY: VOUCHERS
592 Conclusion
593 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
594 PRACTICE: THE HIDDEN CURRICULUM OF COLLEGE
596 CHAPTER 14: CAPITALISM AND THE ECONOMY
598 A Brief History of Capitalism
601 Theorizing the Transition to Capitalism
601 Adam Smith
603 Georg Simmel
605 Karl Marx
608 Max Weber
609 Recent Changes in Capitalism
609 You’ve Come a Long Way, Baby (or Have You?): Work,
Gender, and Family
616 The Service Sector
617 Globalization
620 The Reign of the Corporation
621 The Corporate Psychopath?
629 An Aging Economy
630 POLICY: THE GIG ECONOMY
632 Conclusion
633 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
634 PRACTICE: UNBANK YOURSELF!
636 CHAPTER 15: AUTHORITY AND THE STATE
639 Types of Legitimate Authority
639 Charismatic Authority
641 Traditional Authority
641 Legal-Rational Authority
645 Obedience to Authority
645 The Milgram Experiment
646 Authority, Legitimacy, and the State
649 The International System of States
650 THE CASE OF SOMALILAND
653 New State Functions: The Welfare State
657 Radical Power and Persuasion
660 Power and International Relations
661 Dictatorship or Democracy? States of Nature and Social
Contracts
667 Who Rules in the United States?
669 Beyond Strawberry and Vanilla: Political Participation in
Modern Democracies
674 POLICY: AGE AND VOTING
676 Conclusion
676 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
678 PRACTICE: GET SH*T DONE
680 CHAPTER 16: RELIGION
683 What Is Religion?
688 Theory: Marx, Weber, and Durkheim
688 Karl Marx
689 Max Weber
692 Émile Durkheim
695 Secularization or Speculation?
696 Religious Pluralism in the United States
699 Religious Attendance in the United States
702 At the Micro Level: Is It a Great Big Delusion?
704 The Power of Religion: Social Movements
707 Religion and the Social Landscape
708 Families
708 Race
709 Gender
710 Class
712 Geography and Politics
713 Selling God and Shopping for Faith: The
Commercialization of Religious Life
716 Lesson 1: If You Can’t Beat ’Em, Join ’Em
716 Lesson 2: Bigger Is Better
717 Lesson 3: Speed Pleases
718 Lesson 4: Sex Sells
719 The Paradox of Popularity
719 The Sect–Church Cycle
723 Why Are Conservative Churches Growing?
726 POLICY: TEACHING THE BIBLE IN SCHOOL
728 Conclusion
728 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
730 PRACTICE: THE CULT OF YOU
732 CHAPTER 17: SCIENCE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND SOCIETY
735 Science and Society
735 Thomas Kuhn and the Structure of Scientific
Revolutions
736 Is Science a Social and Political Endeavor?
739 The Pursuit of Truth and the Boundaries of Science
742 The Laboratory as a Site for Knowledge
744 The Matthew Effect
745 Agriculture and the Environment
745 Global Warming and Climate Change
748 Organic Foods and Genetically Modified Organisms
753 The Green Revolution
755 Biotechnology and the Human Genome
757 GATTACA: GENETICS AND THE FUTURE OF SOCIETY
761 Race and Genetics
764 POLICY: FRANKENFOOD VERSUS CRISPR VERSUS
ABORTION POLITICS
766 Conclusion
767 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
768 PRACTICE: SUSTAINABLE CHOICES
770 CHAPTER 18: COLLECTIVE ACTION, SOCIAL MOVEMENTS,
AND SOCIAL CHANGE
773 Collective Action: What Is It Good For?
774 Theories of Collective Action
777 Identity and Collective Action
779 Social Movements
780 Types of Social Movements
784 I’ve Been Framed!
791 Models of Social Movements: How Do They Arise?
794 Three Stages of Social Movements
796 EMERGENCE, COALESCENCE, AND ROUTINIZATION IN
THE HIV/AIDS MOVEMENT
798 Social Movement Organizations
801 Social Movements and Social Change
804 Premodern, Modern, and Postmodern Societies
805 Premodern Societies
805 Modernity
807 Postmodernism
809 The Causes of Social Change
809 Technology and Innovation
810 New Ideas and Identities
811 Social Change and Conflict
811 POLICY: DOES ACTIVISM ACTUALLY WORK?
813 Conclusion
815 QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
816 PRACTICE: AIN’T GONNA TAKE IT NO MORE
A1 GLOSSARY
A14 BIBLIOGRAPHY
A49 CREDITS
A55 INDEX

Dalton Conley is a professor of sociology at Princeton University. In 2005, Conley became the first sociologist to win the prestigious National Science Foundation’s Alan T. Waterman Award, which honors an outstanding young U.S. scientist or engineer. He writes for the New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, The Nation,Slate, and Forbes. He is the author of Honky (2001) and The Pecking Order: A Bold New Look at How Family and Society Determine Who We Become (2004). His other books include Being Black, Living in the Red: Race, Wealth, and Social Policy in America (1999), The Starting Gate: Birth Weight and Life Chances (2003), and Elsewhere, U.S.A. (2009).

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