A Companion to Forensic Anthropology 1st Edition by Dennis Dirkmaat, ISBN-13: 978-1405191234

A Companion to Forensic Anthropology 1st Edition by Dennis Dirkmaat, ISBN-13: 978-1405191234

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ Wiley-Blackwell; 1st edition (May 7, 2012)
• Language: ‎ English
• 752 pages
• ISBN-10: ‎ 1405191236
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1405191234

A Companion to Forensic Anthropology explores the latest theoretical and methodological work in the field, and includes thorough and up-to-date bibliographies. A wide range of international experts provide a comprehensive assessment of the field of forensic anthropology. The Companion details how forensic professionals construct human skeletal biological profiles and explores important new work on skeletal trauma analysis, forensic taphonomy, and statistical validation of forensic analytical methods. The contributors explain the methods and techniques of forensic archaeology, including the preservation of context at surface-scattered remains, buried bodies, and fatal fire scenes. The Companion also offers new perspectives on facial reconstruction; recovery and identification issues related to large-scale mass disaster scenes; mass grave excavation; and human-rights goals and practices throughout the world.

• Highlights the latest advances in forensic anthropology research, as well as the most effective practices and techniques used by professional forensic anthropologists in the field
• Illustrates the development of skeletal biological profiles and offers important new evidence on statistical validation of these analytical methods.
• Evaluates the goals and methods of forensic archaeology, including the preservation of context at surface-scattered remains, buried bodies and fatal fire scenes, and recovery and identification issues related to large-scale mass disaster scenes and mass grave excavation.

Table of Contents:

List of Illustrations ix

List of Tables xvi

Notes on Contributors xvii

About This Book xxix

Acknowledgments xxxv

Part I Introduction and Brief History of Forensic Anthropology 1

1 Forensic Anthropology: Embracing the New Paradigm 3 Dennis C. Dirkmaat and Luis L. Cabo

Part II Recovery of Human Remains from Outdoor Contexts 41

Introduction to Part II 43 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

2 Documenting Context at the Outdoor Crime Scene: Why Bother? 48 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

3 Determining the Forensic Significance of Skeletal Remains 66 John J. Schultz

4 The Application of Ground-Penetrating Radar for Forensic Grave Detection 85 John J. Schultz

5 Crime Scene Perspective: Collecting Evidence in the Context of the Criminal Incident 101 Michael J. Hochrein

6 The Role of Forensic Anthropology in the Recovery and Interpretation of the Fatal-Fire Victim 113 Dennis C. Dirkmaat, Gregory O. Olson, Alexandra R. Klales, and Sara Getz

7 Forensic Anthropology at the Mass Fatality Incident ( Commercial Airliner) Crash Scene 136 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

8 Mass Graves and Human Rights: Latest Developments, Methods, and Lessons Learned 157 Hugh H. Tuller

9 Archaeology, Mass Graves, and Resolving Commingling Issues through Spatial Analysis 175 Luis L. Cabo, Dennis C. Dirkmaat, James M. Adovasio, and Vicente C. Rozas

Part III Developments in Forensic Osteology 197

Introduction to Part III 199 Luis L. Cabo

10 Developments in Forensic Anthropology: Age-at-Death Estimation 202 Heather M. Garvin, Nicholas V. Passalacqua, Natalie M. Uhl, Desina R. Gipson, Rebecca S. Overbury, and Luis L. Cabo

11 Skeletal Age Estimation: Where We Are and Where We Should Go 224 George R. Milner and Jesper L. Boldsen

12 Adult Sex Determination: Methods and Application 239 Heather M. Garvin

13 Sexual Dimorphism: Interpreting Sex Markers 248 Luis L. Cabo, Ciarán P. Brewster, and Juan Luengo Azpiazu

14 Morphoscopic Traits and the Assessment of Ancestry 287 Joseph T. Hefner, Stephen D. Ousley, and Dennis C. Dirkmaat

15 Fordisc 3 and Statistical Methods for Estimating Sex and Ancestry 311 Stephen D. Ousley and Richard L. Jantz

16 Estimating Stature 330 Stephen D. Ousley

Part IV Developments in Human Skeletal Trauma Analysis 335

Introduction to Part IV 337 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

17 Interpreting Traumatic Injury to Bone in Medicolegal Investigations 340 Steven A. Symes, Ericka N. L’ Abbé, Erin N. Chapman, Ivana Wolff, and Dennis C. Dirkmaat

18 The Biomechanics of Gunshot Trauma to Bone: Research Considerations within the Present Judicial Climate 390 Hugh E. Berryman, Alicja K. Lanfear, and Natalie R. Shirley

19 Developments in Skeletal Trauma: Blunt-Force Trauma 400 Nicholas V. Passalacqua and Todd W. Fenton

Part V Advances in Human Identification 413

Introduction to Part V 415 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

20 Advances in the Anthropological Analysis of Cremated Remains 418 Traci L. Van Deest, Michael W. Warren, and Katelyn L. Bolhofner

21 Human Identification Using Skull–Photo Superimposition and Forensic Image Comparison 432 Norman J. Sauer, Amy R. Michael, and Todd W. Fenton

22 DNA Analysis and the Classic Goal of Forensic Anthropology 447 Luis L. Cabo

23 DNA Identification and Forensic Anthropology: Developments in DNA Collection, Analysis, and Technology 462 David Boyer

Part VI Forensic Taphonomy 471

Introduction to Part VI 473 Dennis C. Dirkmaat and Nicholas V. Passalacqua

24 Current Research in Forensic Taphonomy 477 Marcella H. Sorg, William D. Haglund, and Jamie A. Wren

25 The Use of Taphonomy in Forensic Anthropology: Past Trends and Future Prospects 499 Mark O. Beary and R. Lee Lyman

Part VII Forensic Anthropology Beyond Academia 529

Introduction to Part VII 531 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

26 Forensic Anthropologists in Medical Examiner ’s and Coroner ’s Offices: A History 534 Hugh E. Berryman and Alicja K. Lanfear

27 Forensic Anthropology at the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner 549 Christopher W. Rainwater, Christian Crowder, Kristen M. Hartnett, Jeannette S. Fridie, Benjamin J. Figura, Jennifer Godbold, Scott C. Warnasch, and Bradley J. Adams

28 The Many Hats of a Recovery Leader: Perspectives on Planning and Executing Worldwide Forensic Investigations and Recoveries at the JPAC Central Identification Laboratory 567 Paul D. Emanovsky and William R. Belcher

Part VIII Forensic Anthropology Outside North America 593

Introduction to Part VIII 595 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

29 European Perspectives and the Role of the Forensic Archaeologist in the UK 598 Nicholas Márquez-Grant, Stephen Litherland, and Julie Roberts

30 The Establishment and Advancement of Forensic Anthropology in South Africa 626 Ericka N. L’ Abbé and Maryna Steyn

31 The Application of Forensic Anthropology to the Investigation of Cases of Political Violence 639 Luis Fondebrider

Part IX Ethics, Overview, and the Future of Forensic Anthropology 649

Introduction to Part IX 651 Dennis C. Dirkmaat

32 The Pervasiveness of Daubert 654 Stephen D. Ousley and R. Eric Hollinger

33 Ethics in Forensic Anthropology 666 Diane L. France

34 An “Outsider” Look at Forensic Anthropology 683 James M. Adovasio

Index 690

Dennis C. Dirkmaat, PhD, is the Chair of both the undergraduate program in Applied Forensic Sciences and the Masters of Science in Anthropology at Mercyhurst College, Erie, PA. He is a board-certified forensic anthropologist, with a specialty in forensic archaeology, who has conducted hundreds of forensic anthropology cases nationally and internationally. He has been a member of the US federal government’s Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team (DMORT) since its inception in the mid-1990s, and is co-chair of the Scene Search and Recovery, and Anthropology Subcommittees of the Scientific Working Group on Disaster Victim Identification (SWGDVI), US National Institute of Justice (NIJ). He also serves as a consultant for international organizations and companies involved in the recovery and identification of victims of mass disaster events around the world.

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