Life Cycle Nutrition: An Evidence-Based Approach 2nd Edition by Sari Edelstein, ISBN-13: 978-1284036671

Description

Life Cycle Nutrition: An Evidence-Based Approach 2nd Edition by Sari Edelstein, ISBN-13: 978-1284036671

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2nd edition (March 19, 2014)
• Language: ‎ English
• 560 pages
• ISBN-10: ‎ 1284036677
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1284036671

Revised and updated with the latest epidemiologic research, the Second Edition of Life Cycle Nutrition: An Evidence-Based Approach explores nutritional foundations and the growth, development and normal functioning of individuals through each stage of life. With subjects as diverse as media influences on eating, skipping breakfast, fruit juice consumption, and clinical nutrition, this text gives students current knowledge, helps them evaluate emerging knowledge, and prepares them to uncover new knowledge for the public, their clients, and themselves. Key Features: Evidence-Based Practice sections contains research articles that provide students with an opportunity to create peer-reviewed studies and clinical trials. Cultural Diversity Sidebars, integrated throughout the text, present issues that challenge students to think critically about the nutritional and health differences among ethnic groups. Interesting Vignettes, based on nutrition and health, enhance student understanding of the material presented. Issues to Debate sections provides timely topics for debate and further consideration such as withholding and withdrawing nutrition, the ethical implications of nutrition care, and right to die case law. Students will learn the physiological, moral, ethical, and legal issues surrounding these emotionally charged issues. Case Studies and Nutritional Management help students develop knowledge and skills within a wide variety of subjects and improve critical thinking, public speaking, and group interactions.

Table of Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Brief Contents

Contents

Contributors

Preface

How to Use This Book

About the Editor

Section 1 Evidence-Based Nutrition in the Life Cycle: Prenatal to the Adolescent

Chapter 1 Nutrition Requirements During Pregnancy

Nutritional Status Prior to Pregnancy

The Fetal Origins Hypothesis

Maternal Preconception Weight Status

Preexisting Conditions

Public Health Campaigns to Improve Preconception Nutritional Status

General Health and Nutrition Recommendations for Women Preconception

Nutrient Needs During Pregnancy

Total Energy

Protein

Lipids and Fats

Fiber

Carbohydrates

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Calcium

B Vitamins

Iron

Magnesium

Zinc

Iodine

Fetal Development

The Embryonic Phase

The Fetal Phase

Critical Periods of Nutrient Intake During Embryonic and Fetal Development

Common Problems Associated with Pregnancy

Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and Food Aversions and Cravings

Reflux

Pica

Preeclampsia

Gestational Diabetes

The Interaction of Lifestyle and Pregnancy

Physical Activity, Safety, and Energy Needs

Food Safety

Alcohol

Illegal Drug Use

Cigarette Smoking

Caffeine

Summary

Case Study 1 Nutrition Prior to Pregnancy

Case Study 2 Gestational Diabetes

Case Study 3 Weight Gain During Pregnancy

Case Study 4 Vegetarian Pregnancy

References

Special Section on Lactation Nutrition

Breastfeeding Trends

Maternal Nutrition and Breastfeeding

Macronutrients

Micronutrients

Summary

References

Chapter 2 Normal Infant Nutrition

Normal Infant Nutrition

Nutrition Recommendations for Normal Infant Feeding

Breast Milk Composition

Formula Feeding

Contraindications to Breastfeeding

Expression, Handling, and Storage of Human Milk

Donor Human Milk

Early Feeding

Colic

Research About Colic

Food Safety

Safe Handling of Infant Formula

Nitrates

Risks of Infant Formula and Bottle-Feeding

Safe Handling of Complementary Foods

Growth

Adequate Growth in Infancy

Development of Growth Charts

Nutrient Requirements

Energy

Protein

Fatty Acids

Iron

Zinc

Vitamin D

Supplemental Nutrients

Vegetarianism

Complementary Feeding

Transitioning from All Milk to Family Foods

Feeding Guidelines

Complementary Foods and Growth

Meal Patterns and Nutrient Intakes

Food Trends and Preferences

Feeding Skills and Neuromuscular Development

Reflexes

Advanced Motor Skills

Chewing Ability

Determinants of Food Acceptance

Caregiver Behaviors

Effect of Feeding Mode in Infancy

Feeding Relationship

Portion Size

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children

Case Study 1 Vitamin D Deficiency in Early Infancy

Case Study 2 Normal Infant Nutrition

Case Study 3 Infant Nutrition

Case Study 4 Failure to Thrive

Case Study 5 Failure to Thrive and Breastfeeding

Issues to Debate

References

Special Section on the Social and Cultural Aspects of Breastfeeding

A Brief History of Breastfeeding

Current Trends Affecting Breastfeeding

Who Breastfeeds?

Barriers to Breastfeeding

Routine Maternity Care Practices

Physiologic and Psychological Factors

Social Support and Acculturation

Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes

Returning to Work

Legislation: Protecting a Woman’s Right to Breastfeed

References

Special Section on Postpartum Depression and Maternal Nutrition

References

Chapter 3 Normal Nutrition for Toddler Through School-Aged Children and the Role of Parents in Promoting Healthy Nutrition in Early Childhood

Normal Nutrition for Toddler Through School-Aged Children

Growth Expectations

Energy and Nutrient Needs

Protein

Fat

Vitamins and Minerals

Calcium

Vitamin D

Iron

Vitamin Supplements

Fluoride

Water

Whole Milk

Foods at 1 Year

Mealtime with Toddlers

Introducing New Foods

Planning Children’s Meals

Hunger and Behavior

Picky Eating

Grazing

Failure to Thrive

Lactose Intolerance

Television Watching and Media Influence on Food Cravings

Learning Through Participation

Choking Prevention

Snacks

Dental Health

Role Models

Breakfast

Nutrition at School

Physical Activity

Excessive Weight Gain

Supplements for Increased Calories

Role of Parents in Promoting Healthy Nutrition in Early Childhood

Eating Is a Learned Behavior: Acquisition of Flavor and Food Preferences

Neonatal and Early Infant Weight Gain

Development of Food Preferences

Feeding Infants and Toddlers Studies, 2002 and 2008

Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study

Parents

Modeling

Self-Regulation

Disordered Eating

Parenting Styles

Anticipatory Guidance

Talking Points

Helping Your Child Stay Healthy at 12 to 15 Months

Summary

Case Study 1 Lactose Intolerance in Children

Case Study 2 Picky Eater

Case Study 3 Snack Foods

Case Study 4 Obesity

References

Chapter 4 Normal Adolescent Nutrition

Growth and Development

Physical Growth

Hormonal Mediators of the Adolescent Growth Spurt

Fracture Risks

Gender Hormones

Assessment of Growth and Development

Adolescent Growth Disorders

Cognitive and Psychosocial Development During Adolescence

Cognitive and Affective Development

Psychosocial Development

Nutrient Requirements and Temporal Consumption Trends

Macronutrients

Minerals

Vitamins

Dietary Patterns

Serving Size

Food Groups

Skipping Breakfast

Added Sugars

Fast Food Consumption

Sociodemographic Moderators of Dietary Intake

Influence of Advertising

School Food Environment

Health Status of U.S. Adolescents

Excessive Weight and Obesity

Metabolic Syndrome

Other Health Issues

Iron Deficiency

Tobacco Use and Nutritional Status

Adolescent Pregnancy

Body Dissatisfaction, Dieting, and Eating Disorders

Issues to Debate

Case Study Adolescent Nutrition

References

Special Section on Public Health Nutrition Programs for Children

Critical Need for Pediatric Public Health Nutrition Services

Prematurity and Low Birth Weight

Obesity

Anemia

Breast Feeding

Hunger and Food Insecurity

Federal Public Health Nutrition Programs

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

National School Lunch Program

School Breakfast Program

Summer Food Service for Children

Special Milk Program

Child and Adult Care Food Program

Commodity Supplemental Food Program

The Emergency Food Assistance Program

Team Nutrition

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program

Other Federal Programs that Respond to the Nutritional Needs of Infants, Children, and Adolescents

Head Start and Early Head Start

Early Intervention

Nutrition Surveillance Systems in the United States

Summary

Case Study Navigating Resources for Families

References

Chapter 5 Special Topics in Prenatal and Infant Nutrition: Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Failure to Thrive

Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Newborn Screening

Disorders of Amino Acid Metabolism

Phenylketonuria

Nutrition Management of Phenylketonuria

Tyrosinemia

Nutrition Management of Tyrosinemia

Disorders of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism

Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Nutrition Management of Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Disorders of Leucine Catabolism

Nutrition Management of IVA and 3-MCC

Disorders of Other Amino Acid Metabolism

Propionic Acidemia and Methylmalonic Acidemia

Nutrition Management of Propionic Acidemia and Methylmalonic Aciduria

Disorders of Nitrogen Metabolism

Urea Cycle Disorders

Nutrition Management of Urea Cycle Disorders

Disorders of Fatty Acid Oxidation

Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders

Nutrition Management of Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders

Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Galactosemia

Nutrition Management of Galactosemia

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Nutrition Management of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Failure to Thrive

Classification of Failure to Thrive

The Cultural Diversity of Poverty

Assessment of the Patient with Failure to Thrive

Nutritional Interventions

Summary

Case Study 1 Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Case Study 2 Failure to Thrive

Issues to Debate

References

Special Section on Neonatal Intensive Care Nutrition: Prematurity and Complications

Nutrition Assessment

Calculating Corrected or Adjusted Age

Growth Goals

Estimating Nutrient Needs

Enteral Feeding and Prematurity

Feeding Evaluation

Powdered Formula in the NICU

Enteral Nutrition

Introduction of Solid Foods

Feeding Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Management

Parenteral Nutrition

Initiating Parenteral Nutrition

Vitamins and Trace Elements in Parenteral Nutrition

Other Parenteral Nutrition Additives

Parenteral Nutrition and Biochemical Monitoring

Parenteral Nutrition Complications

Osteopenia of Prematurity

Emerging Issues

Additional Neonatal Diagnoses and Nutritional Issues

Summary

References

Chapter 6 Special Topics in Toddler and Preschool Nutrition: Vitamins and Minerals in Childhood and Children with Disabilities

Vitamins and Minerals in Childhood

Vitamins

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin C Research

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin A Research

Vitamin D Research

Vitamin E Research

Multiple Vitamin Supplementation

Minerals

Calcium

Iron

Magnesium

Magnesium and Respiratory Illness: A Connection?

Potassium

Phosphorus

Copper

Zinc

Zinc Research

Selenium

Iodine

Chromium

Children with Disabilities

Definitions

Etiology and Incidence

Nutrition Considerations

Nutrition Assessment

Biochemical Assessment

Dietary Information and Feeding Assessment

Chromosomal Aberrations

Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome Research

Special Olympics Serves Diversity

Community Resources

Prader-Willi Syndrome

GH Research

Neurologic Disorders

Spina Bifida

Cerebral Palsy

Autism

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Special Diets

Controversial Nutrition Therapies

Summary

Case Study 1 A Toddler with Cystic Fibrosis

Case Study 2 Vitamins and Minerals

Case Study 3 Developmental Diabilities (Down Syndrome)

Case Study 4 Developmental Diabilities (Prader-Willi Syndrome)

Issues to Debate

References

Chapter 7 Special Topics in School-Aged Nutrition: Pediatric Vegetarianism, Childhood Obesity, and Food Allergies

Pediatric Vegetarianism

Types of Vegetarian Diets

How Many Vegetarians Are There?

Vegetarianism and Cultural Diversity

Seventh-Day Adventists

Did You Know?

Growth and Energy Needs of Vegetarian Children

Nutritional Considerations

Critical Thinking About a Vegetarian Diet for a Child

Infants and Toddlers

A Word on Vegetarianism and Adolescents

Meal Planning Guidelines

Childhood Obesity

Assessment of Overweight Children

Obesity Rates in the United States

Global Rise in Obesity

Health Effects of Obesity

Health Disparities in Cultural Diversity

Environmental Influences on Obese Children

Societal Factors Influencing Overweight Children

2005 Dietary Guidelines for Physical Exercise

Obesity and Energy Balance

Dietary Trends Affecting Obese Children

Physical Inactivity Affecting Obesity in Children

School Physical Education

Opportunities to Intervene and Prevent Childhood Obesity

Nutrition Programs

Social Programs

Programs and Resources That Support Evidence-Based Practices in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Let’s Move!

5 A Day

MyPlate.gov

Food Allergies

Definitions

Food Additives

Prevalence

Allergy Incidence and Immediate Treatment

Other Reactions to Food Proteins

Food-Induced Anaphylaxis

Oral Allergy Syndrome

Celiac Disease or Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy

Allergic Eosinophilic Esophagitis/Gastroenteritis

Diagnostic Evaluation

History and Physical Examination

Diet and Symptom Diaries

Laboratory Studies

Elimination Diets and Oral Food Challenges

Prevention of Food Allergies

Case Study 1 An Overweight Vegetarian

Case Study 2 An Underweight Vegetarian

Case Study 3 Vegetarian Toddler

Case Study 4 Infant Obesity

Case Study 5 School-Aged Child with Nut Allergy

Case Study 6 Childhood Food Allergy

Issues to Debate

References

Special Section on Celiac Disease

Celiac Disease/Gluten Enteropathy

Physiologic Description of Celiac Disease

Presentation

Prevalence

Diagnosis

Treatment

Hidden Sources of Gluten

Safe Foods

Nutritional Assessment

Noncompliance and Complications

Label Reading

Celiac Disease in Pediatrics

Quality of Life in the Pediatric Population with Celiac Disease

Potential Gluten-Containing Classroom Supplies

Summary

Case Study Celiac Disease

References

Chapter 8 Special Topics in Preadolescent and Adolescent Nutrition: Dietary Guidelines for Athletes, Pediatric Diabetes, and Disordered Eating

Dietary Guidelines for Athletes

Energy

Carbohydrate

Protein

Fat

Vitamins and Minerals

Iron

Calcium

Vitamin D

Fluid and Electrolytes

Preexercise Hydration

Hydration During Exercise

Postexercise Hydration

Nutrition During Exercise

Sport Beverages

Nutrition After Exercise

Alcohol, Caffeine, and Soda

Body Composition

Guidelines to Increase Muscle Mass

Weight and Fat Loss: Misconceptions and Bad Ideas

Weight Cycling

Eating Disorders and the Female Athlete Triad

Childhood Through Adolescence

Special Focus on Children and Adolescents

Dietary Supplements as Ergogenic Aids

Sports During Pregnancy, Lactation, and Menopause

Pediatric Diabetes

Incidence and Prevalence

Diagnosis of Diabetes in Children

Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes in Children

Diabetes and Cultural Diversity

Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance in Children

Other Diabetes Classifications in Children

Risk Factors for Diabetes

Associated Clinical Conditions

Management

The Role of Exercise

Disordered Eating

Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

Psychiatric Comorbidity

Etiology and Course of Eating Disorders

Epidemiology

Medical Consequences of Eating Disorders

Assessment

Treatment

Treatment Goals

Inpatient Treatment

Outpatient Treatment

Therapeutic Alliance

Medical Nutrition Therapy

Psychotherapy

Special Populations

Males

Pregnancy

Athletes

Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Childhood Eating Disorders

Summary

Case Study 1 Pete Is a Tired Athlete

Case Study 2 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

Case Study 3 Eating Disorders

Issues to Debate

References

Section 2 Adult Evidence-Based Nutrition in the Life Cycle

Chapter 9 Special Topics in Adult Nutrition: Chronic Disease Nutritional Assessment

Definition of Adulthood

Young Adult Years: Ages 19 to 30 Years

Middle Adult Years: Ages 31 to 50 Years

Older Adult Years: Ages 51 to 70 Years

Nutritional Requirements for the Adult

Energy

Macronutrients

Micronutrients

Water

Fiber

Nutritional Assessment in Chronic Disease

Physiologic Changes in the Adult: Nutritional Implications

Assessment of Energy Needs in Adults with Chronic Disease

Nutritional Care Process and Model

Nutritional Assessment in Chronic Diseases

Cardiovascular Disease

Cancer

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Diabetes

Chronic Kidney Disease

HIV/AIDS

Nutritional Issues of Epidemic Proportion

Excessive Weight and Obesity

Osteoporosis

Summary

Case Study 1 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Case Study 2 Management of End-Stage Renal Disease

Case Study 3 Body Weight and Lipids in HIV Infection

Issues to Debate

References

Chapter 10 Special Topics in Adults and Chronic Diseases: Nutrition and Public Health

Preventing Disease and Promoting Health

Chronic Diseases: The Leading Causes of Death and Disability

Risk Factors and Chronic Disease

Prevention Strategies

Primary Prevention: Health Promotion

Secondary Prevention: Risk Appraisal and Risk Reduction

Tertiary Prevention: Treatment and Rehabilitation

Implications of the Prevention Levels

Dietary Guidelines for Disease Prevention

Diet and Health: Nutrition Strategies and Risk Factors

Obesity

Weight Management

Cardiovascular Disease

Cancer

Diabetes

Osteoporosis

HIV/AIDS

Case Study 1 Cardiovascular Disease: Mr. Cohen’s Physical Examination Results

Case Study 2 Frequent Flier at Risk for Chronic Disease

Case Study 3 Osteoporosis

Issues to Debate

References

Chapter 11 Special Topics in Adult Nutrition: Physical Activity and Weight Management

Definitions of Obesity and Overweight

Total Energy Expenditure

Basal Metabolic Rate

Thermic Effect of Food

Thermic Effect of Exercise

Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis

Physical Activity and Obesity Prevention

Definitions of Physical Activity and Exercise

Weight Loss Goals

How Much Exercise or Physical Activity Is Enough?

Physical Activity Interventions and Weight Loss

Physical Activity and Weight Loss in the Primary Care Setting

Cultural Diversity

How Can People Be Successful at Maintaining Weight Loss?

Summary

Case Study 1 Eating on the Run

Case Study 2 Pre-Diabetes

Issues to Debate

References

Chapter 12 Special Topics in Nutrition and the Older Adult: Diet, Lifestyle, Disease, and Pharmacologic Considerations

Pharmacotherapeutic Intervention in Obesity

Older Adults

Epidemiology

Aging

Aging Theories

Determinants of Successful Aging

Assessment Methodology

National Health Objectives

Macronutrient Intake

Micronutrient Intake

Dietary Patterns

Lifestyle Characteristics and Aging

Physical Activity

Body Habitus

Alcohol Use

Cigarette Smoking

Oral Health

Pet Ownership

Reproductive Hormone Levels

Marital Status

Mental Status

Mental Activity

Socioeconomics

Education

Social Support

Care Management Issues

Pharmacology in Older Adults

Pharmacotherapeutic Intervention in Obesity

Summary

Case Study Physical Activity in Baby Boomers

Issues for Debate

References

Chapter 13 Special Topics in Age-Related Risks: Unique Nutrition Issues in the Older Adult

Age-Related Risks for Malnutrition

Impaired Appetite

Physiologic Changes

Cognitive Changes

Psychosocial Changes

Medication Use

Interventions for Impaired Appetite

Oral Health Problems

Cultural Diversity

Swallowing Problems

Dry Mouth

Malnutrition and Nutrient Deficits

Weight Loss

Energy and Caloric Intake

Protein-Energy Malnutrition

Vitamin D

Thiamine

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B12

Fluid

Cultural Diversity

Nutrition-Related Health Problems

Cardiovascular Disease

Peripheral Vascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Incontinence

Visual Function

Osteoporosis

Special Considerations for the Older Woman

Summary

Case Study 1 Risk of Malnutrition

Case Study 2 Lack of Appetite

References

Chapter 14 Special Topics Related to the Registered Dietitian and Older Adults: Roles and Responsibilities of the Registered Dietitian in Long-Term Care

Unique Characteristics of Long-Term Care

Types of Long-Term Care Centers

Nursing Home Regulation Drives Nutrition Care

Structure of the Nutritional Services Department

Roles of the Dietitian Within the Nutritional Services Department

Clinical Care Delivery in the LTC Setting

Nutrition Care Process and Timeline

Clinical RD Accountability in the LTC Setting

Discharge Education

Modified Diet Menu Writing and Approval and Modified Diet Prescriptions

Increasing and Maintaining Resident Food Intake

Cultural Diversity in LTC Facilities

Food Preparation

Food Safety and Sanitation

Critical Thinking on Nutrition Issues in LTC Facilities

Survey Management

Quality Management

Unique Role of the Consultant Dietitian in LTC

Summary

Case Study Increasing Appetite in Long-Term Care

Issues to Debate

References

Chapter 15 Special Topics in Nutrition and Ethics: Feeding and Ethical Issues at the End of Life

Artificial Nutrition and Hydration: Definition and Indications

Evidence about Long-Term Tube Feeding

Dehydration

Meaning of Food and Drink

Roles of the Registered Dietitian

Ethical Principles as a Framework for Decision Making

Legal Guidance

The Schiavo and Lee Cases

The Quinlan and Cruzan Cases

Advance Directives

Withdrawing or Withholding Treatment

Communication

Summary

Case Study Ethics

References

Appendix 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts

Appendix 2 Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

Appendix 3 Body Mass Index for Adults

Appendix 4 Review for the Registered Examination for Dietitian

Registration Examination Test Specifications (Effective January 1, 2012)

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Various Chronic Diseases and Conditions Throughout the Life Cycle

Review of Common Medical Abbreviations

Summary of Common Modified and Mechanically Altered Diets

Review of Common Laboratory Values

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Infant, Child, and Adolescent Nutritional Guidelines

Glossary

Index

Dr. Sari Edelstein is currently retired. Her previous position was of Associate Professor in the Nutrition and Dietetics Department at Simmons College. She taught both Food Science and Food service classes. Before coming to Simmons College, Dr. Edelstein has previously been in private practice and has served as a hospital Food Service Director and Chief Dietitian. She is the author of many research articles, inclusive of topics on ethics, yoga, the glycemic index, and athletic performance as well as the author or editor of books, which include: The Healthy Young Child, Wadsworth Publishing, 1995; Nutrition in Public Health, Second Edition, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2005; Nutrition: Rapid References for Nurses, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2007; Managing Food and Nutrition Services for the Hospitality, Culinary and NutritionProfessions, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2007; Life Cycle Nutrition: An Evidence-Based Approach, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2008. Education Background BS Florida State University MS Florida International University PhD University of Florida.

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