Just and Unjust Wars 5th Edition by Michael Walzer, ISBN-13: 978-0465052714

Preface to the Fifth Edition

Preface to the First Edition

Part One: The Moral Reality of War

1. Against “Realism”

The Realist Argument

The Melian Dialogue

Strategy and Morality

Historical Relativism

Three Accounts of Agincourt

2. The Crime of War

The Logic of War

The Argument of Karl von Clausewitz

The Limit of Consent

The Tyranny of War

General Sherman and the Burning of Atlanta

3. The Rules of War

The Moral Equality of Soldiers

The Case of Hitler’s Generals

Two Sorts of Rules

The War Convention

The Example of Surrender

Part Two: The Theory of Aggression

4. Law and Order in International Society

Aggression

The Rights of Political Communities

The Case of Alsace-Lorraine

The Legalist Paradigm

Unavoidable Categories

Karl Marx and the Franco-Prussian War

The Argument for Appeasement

Czechoslovakia and the Munich Principle

Finland

5. Anticipations

Preventive War and the Balance of Power

The War of the Spanish Succession

Pre-emptive Strikes

The Six Day War

6. Interventions

Self-Determination and Self-Help

The Argument of John Stuart Mill

Secession

The Hungarian Revolution

Civil War

The American War in Vietnam

Humanitarian Intervention

Cuba, 1898, and Bangladesh, 1971

7. War’s Ends, and the Importance of Winning

Unconditional Surrender

Allied Policy in World War II

Justice in Settlements

The Korean War

Part Three: The War Convention

8. War’s Means and the Importance of Fighting Well

Utility and Proportionality

The Argument of Henry Sidgwick

Human Rights

The Rape of the Italian Women

9. Noncombatant Immunity and Military Necessity

The Status of Individuals

Naked Soldiers

The Nature of Necessity (1)

Submarine Warfare: The Laconia Affair

Double Effect

Bombardment in Korea

The Bombing of Occupied France and the Vemork Raid

10. War Against Civilians: Sieges and Blockades

Coercion and Responsibility

The Siege of Jerusalem, 72 A.D.

The Right to Leave

The Siege of Leningrad

Taking Aim and the Doctrine of Double Effect

The British Blockade of Germany

11. Guerrilla War

Resistance to Military Occupation

A Partisan Attack

The Rights of Guerrilla Fighters

The Rights of Civilian Supporters

The American “Rules of Engagement” in Vietnam

12. Terrorism

The Political Code

The Russian Populists, the IRA, and the Stern Gang

The Vietcong Assassination Campaign

Violence and Liberation

Jean-Paul Sartre and the Battle of Algiers

13. Reprisals

Deterrence Without Retribution

The FFI Prisoners at Annecy

The Problem of Peacetime Reprisals

The Attack on Khibye and the Beirut Raid

Part Four: Dilemmas of War

14. Winning and Fighting Well

“Asinine Ethics”

Chairman Mao and the Battle of the River Hung

The Sliding Scale and the Argument from Extremity

15. Aggression and Neutrality

The Right to Be Neutral

The Nature of Necessity (2)

The Rape of Belgium

The Sliding Scale

Winston Churchill and Norwegian Neutrality

16. Supreme Emergency

The Nature of Necessity (3)

Overriding the Rules of War

The Decision to Bomb German Cities

The Limits of Calculation

Hiroshima

17 Nuclear Deterrence

The Problem of Immoral Threats

Limited Nuclear War

The Argument of Paul Ramsey

Part Five: The Question of Responsibility

18. The Crime of Aggression: Political Leaders and Citizens

The World of Officials

Nuremberg: “The Ministries Case”

Democratic Responsibilities

The American People and the War in Vietnam

19. War Crimes: Soldiers and Their Officers

In the Heat of Battle

Two Accounts of Killing Prisoners

Superior Orders

The My Lai Massacre

Command Responsibility

General Bradley and the Bombing of St. Lo

The Case of General Yamashita

The Nature of Necessity (4)

The Dishonoring of Arthur Harris

Conclusion

Afterword: Nonviolence and the Theory of War

Postscript: A Defense of Just War Theory