Domestication of Plants in the Old World by Daniel Zohary, ISBN-13: 978-0199688173

Description

Domestication of Plants in the Old World by Daniel Zohary, ISBN-13: 978-0199688173

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ Oxford University Press; 4th edition (December 1, 2013)
• Language: ‎ English
• 264 pages
• ISBN-10: ‎ 0199688176
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-0199688173

The origin of agriculture is one of the defining events of human history. Some 11-10,000 years ago bands of hunter-gatherers started to abandon their high-mobility lifestyles in favour of growing crops, and the creation of settled, sedentary communities. This shift into agricultural lifestyle triggered the evolution of complex political and economic structures, and technological developments, and ultimately underpinned the rise of all the great civilisations of recent human history.

Domestication of Plants in the Old World reviews and synthesises the information on the origins and domestication of cultivated plants in the Old World, and subsequently the spread of cultivation from southwest Asia into Asia, Europe, and North Africa, from the very earliest beginnings. This book is mainly based on detailed consideration of two lines of evidences: the plant remains found at archaeological sites, and the knowledge that has accumulated about the present-day wild relatives of domesticated plants. This new edition revises and updates previous data and incorporates the most recent findings from molecular biology about the genetic relations between domesticated plants and their wild ancestors, and incorporates extensive new archaeological data about the spread of agriculture within the region. The reference list has been completely updated, as have the list of archaeological sites and the site maps.

This is an advanced, research level text suitable for graduate level students and researchers in the fields of crop science, agriculture, archaeology, botanical archaeology, and plant biotechnology. It will also be of relevance and use to agricultural historians and anyone with a wider interest in the rise of civilisation in this region.

Table of Contents:

Contents

1 Current state of the art

Beginnings of domestication

Neolithic south-west Asian crop assemblage

Wild progenitors

The spread of south-west Asian crops

Availability of archaeological evidence

Early domestication outside the ‘core area’

Beginning and spread of horticulture

Vegetables

Weeds and crops

Migrants from other agricultural regions

2 Sources of evidence for the origin and spread of domesticated plants

Archaeological evidence

Evidence from the living plants

Radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology

3 Cereals

Wheats: Triticum

Einkorn wheat: Triticum monococcum

Emmer and durum-type wheats: Triticum turgidum

Bread wheat: Triticum aestivum

Timopheev’s wheat: Triticum timopheevii

Barley: Hordeum vulgare

Rye: Secale cereale

Common oat: Avena sativa

Broomcorn millet: Panicum miliaceum

Foxtail millet: Setaria italica

Latecomers: sorghum and rice

4 Pulses

Lentil: Lens culinaris

Pea: Pisum sativum

Chickpea: Cicer arietinum

Faba bean: Vicia faba

Bitter vetch: Vicia ervilia

Common vetch: Vicia sativa

Grass pea: Lathyrus sativus

Spanish vechling: Lathyrus clymenum

Fenugreek: Trigonella foenum-graecum

Lupins: Lupinus

5 Oil- and fibre-producing crops

Flax: Linum usitatissimum

Hemp: Cannabis sativa

Old World cottons: Gossypium arboreum and G. herbaceum

Poppy: Papaver somniferum

Gold of pleasure: Camelina sativa

Other cruciferous oil crops

Sesame: Sesamum indicum

6 Fruit trees and nuts

Olive: Olea europaea

Grapevine: Vitis vinifera

Fig: Ficus carica

Sycamore fig: Ficus sycomorus

Date palm: Phoenix dactylifera

Pomegranate: Punica granatum

Apple: Malus domestica

Pear: Pyrus communis

Plum: Prunus domestica

Cherries Prunus avium and P. cerasus

Latecomers: apricot, peach, and quince

Carob: Ceratonia siliqua

Citrus fruits

Almond: Amygdalus communis

Walnut: Juglans regia

Chestnut: Castanea sativa

Hazelnut: Corylus avellana

Pistachio: Pistacia vera

7 Vegetables and tubers

Watermelon: Citrullus lanatus

Melon Cucumis melo

Leek: Allium porrum

Garlic: Allium sativum

Onion: Allium cepa

Lettuce: Lactuca sativa

Chufa or rush nut: Cyperus esculentus

Cabbage: Brassica oleracea

Turnip: Brassica rapa

Beet: Beta vulgaris

Carrot: Daucus carota

Celery: Apium graveolens

Parsnip: Pastinaca sativa

Asparagus: Asparagus officinalis

8 Condiments

Coriander: Coriandrum sativum

Cumin and dill: Cuminum cyminum and Anethum graveolens

Black cumin: Nigella sativa

Saffron: Crocus sativus

9 Dye crops

Woad: lsatis tinctoria

Dyer’s rocket: Reseda luteola

Madder: Rubia tinctorum

True indigo: Indigofera tinctoria

Safflower: Carthamus tinctorius

10 Plant remains in representative archaeological sites

Iran

Iraq

Turkey

Syria

Israel and Jordan

Egypt

Libya

Morocco

Caucasia and Transcaucasia

Central Asia

Cyprus

Greece

Crete

Former Yugoslavia

Bulgaria

Rumania

Moldavia and Ukraine

Hungary

Austria

Italy

Poland

Czech Republic and Slovakia

Switzerland

Germany

The Netherlands

Belgium

Denmark

Sweden

Norway

Finland

Britain and Ireland

France

Spain

Portugal

Appendix A: Site orientation maps

Appendix B: Chronological chart for the main geographical regions mentioned in the book

Appendix C: Information on archaeological sites which appear on Map 2

References

Index

Daniel Zohary, Professor Emeritus, Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel,Maria Hopf (deceased), Formerly Head of the Botany Department, Romisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz, Germany,Ehud Weiss, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Archaeology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel

Daniel Zohary, Professor Emeritus, Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

Maria Hopf, Formerly Head of the Botany Department, Romisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz, Germany [deceased]

Ehud Weiss, The Institute of Archaeology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel

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