Adult Development and Aging 8th Edition by John C. Cavanaugh, ISBN-13: 978-1337559089
[PDF eBook eTextbook] – Available Instantly
- Publisher: Cengage Learning; 8th edition (January 1, 2018)
- Language: English
- 496 pages
- ISBN-10: 1337559083
- ISBN-13: 978-1337559089
ADULT DEVELOPMENT AND AGING makes it easier to study and learn. This best-selling development text helps you connect what you’re learning with real life while providing you with the tools you need to be successful in your course. Learning objectives, concept checks, review questions (organized by topic heading for quick review), and key terms (with definitions) help you focus on what’s important in each chapter.
Table of Contents:
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
1. Studying Adult Development and Aging
1.1. Perspectives on Adult Development and Aging
The Life-Span Perspective
The Demographics of Aging
1.2. Issues in Studying Adult Development and Aging
The Forces of Development
Interrelations Among the Forces: Developmental Influences
Culture and Ethnicity
The Meaning of Age
Core Issues in Development
1.3. Research Methods
Measurement in Adult Development and Aging Research
General Designs for Research
Designs for Studying Development
Integrating Findings from Different Studies
Conducting Research Ethically
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
2. Neuroscience as a Basis for Adult Development and Aging
2.1. The Neuroscience Approach
Neuroimaging Techniques
Neuroscience Perspectives
2.2. Neuroscience and Adult Development and Aging
How Is the Brain Organized?
What Age-Related Changes Occur in Neurons?
What Age-Related Changes Occur in Neurotransmitters?
What Age-Related Changes Occur in Brain Structures?
What Do Structural Brain Changes Mean? The Theory of Mind
2.3. Making Sense of Neuroscience Research: Explaining Changes in Brain-Behavior Relations
The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory
Can Older Adults Compensate for Changes in the Brain?
Theories of Brain-Behavior Changes Across Adulthood
2.4. Plasticity and the Aging Brain
What Is Brain Plasticity?
Exercise and Brain Aging
Nutrition and Brain Aging
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
3. Physical Changes
3.1. Why Do We Age? Biological Theories of Aging
Metabolic Theories
Cellular Theories
Genetic Programming Theories
Implications of the Developmental Forces
3.2. Appearance and Mobility
Changes in Skin, Hair, and Voice
Changes in Body Build
Changes in Mobility
Psychological Implications
3.3. Sensory Systems
Vision
Hearing
Somesthesia and Balance
Taste and Smell
3.4. Vital Functions
Cardiovascular System
Respiratory System
3.5. The Reproductive System
Female Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System
Psychological Implications
3.6. The Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Psychological Implications
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
4. Longevity, Health, and Functioning
4.1. How Long Will We Live?
Average and Maximum Longevity
Genetic and Environmental Factors in Average Longevity
Ethnic Differences in Average Longevity
Gender Differences in Average Longevity
International Differences in Average Longevity
4.2. Health and Illness
Defining Health and Illness
Quality of Life
Changes in the Immune System
Chronic and Acute Diseases
The Role of Stress
4.3. Common Chronic Conditions and Their Management
General Issues in Chronic Conditions
Common Chronic Conditions
Managing Pain
4.4. Pharmacology and Medication Adherence
Patterns of Medication Use
Developmental Changes in How Medications Work
Medication Side Effects and Interactions
Adherence to Medication Regimens
4.5. Functional Health and Disability
A Model of Disability in Late Life
Determining Functional Health Status
What Causes Functional Limitations and Disability in Older Adults?
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
5. Where People Live: Person–Environment Interactions
5.1. Describing Person–Environment Interactions
Competence and Environmental Press
Preventive and Corrective Proactivity Model
Stress and Coping Framework
Common Theoretical Themes and Everyday Competence
5.2. The Ecology of Aging: Community Options
Aging in Place
Deciding on the Best Option
Home Modification
Adult Day Care
Congregate Housing
Assisted Living
5.3. Living in Nursing Homes
Long-Term Care in Nursing Homes
Who Is Likely to Live in Nursing Homes?
Characteristics of Nursing Homes
Special Care Units
Can a Nursing Home Be a Home?
Communicating with Residents
Decision-Making Capacity and Individual Choices
New Directions for Nursing Homes
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
6. Attention and Memory
6.1. Information Processing and Attention
Information-Processing Model
Attention: The Basics
Speed of Processing
Processing Resources
Automatic and Effortful Processing
6.2. Memory Processes
Working Memory
Implicit Versus Explicit Memory
Long-Term Memory
Age Differences in Encoding Versus Retrieval
6.3. Memory in Context
Prospective Memory
Source Memory and Processing of Misinformation
Factors That Preserve Memory
Training Memory Skills
6.4. Self-Evaluations of Memory Abilities
Aspects of Memory Self-Evaluations
Age Differences in Metamemory and Memory Monitoring
6.5. Clinical Issues and Memory Testing
Normal Versus Abnormal Memory Aging
Memory and Physical and Mental Health
Memory and Nutrition
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
7. Intelligence, Reasoning, Creativity, and Wisdom
7.1. Defining Intelligence
Intelligence in Everyday Life
The Big Picture: A Life-Span View
Research Approaches to Intelligence
7.2. Developmental Trends in Psychometric Intelligence
The Measurement of Intelligence
Primary and Secondary Mental Abilities
Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence
Neuroscience Research and Intelligence in Young and Middle Adulthood
Moderators of Intellectual Change
Modifying Primary Abilities
7.3. Qualitative Differences in Adults’ Thinking
Piaget’s Theory
Going Beyond Formal Operations: Thinking in Adulthood
Integrating Emotion and Logic
7.4. Everyday Reasoning and Problem Solving
Decision Making
Problem Solving
Expertise
Creativity and Wisdom
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
8. Social Cognition
8.1. Stereotypes and Aging
Content of Stereotypes
Age Stereotypes and Perceived Competence
Activation of Stereotypes
Stereotype Threat
8.2. Social Knowledge Structures and Beliefs
Understanding Age Differences in Social Beliefs
Self-Perception and Social Beliefs
8.3. Social Judgment Processes
Emotional Intelligence
Impression Formation
Knowledge Accessibility and Social Judgments
A Processing Capacity Explanation for Age Differences in Social Judgments
Attributional Biases
8.4. Motivation and Social Processing Goals
Personal Goals
Emotion as a Processing Goal
Cognitive Style as a Processing Goal
8.5. Personal Control
Multidimensionality of Personal Control
Control Strategies
Some Criticisms Regarding Primary Control
8.6. Social Situations and Social Competence
Collaborative Cognition
Social Context of Memory
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
9. Personality
9.1. Dispositional Traits Across Adulthood
The Case for Stability: The Five-Factor Model
What Happens to Dispositional Traits Across Adulthood?
Conclusions About Dispositional Traits
9.2. Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood
What’s Different About Personal Concerns?
Jung’s Theory
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
Theories Based on Life Transitions
Conclusions About Personal Concerns
9.3. Life Narratives, Identity, and the Self
McAdams’s Life-Story Model
Whitbourne’s Identity Theory
Six Foci Model of Adult Personality
Self-Concept and Well-Being
Possible Selves
Religiosity and Spiritual Support
Conclusions About Narratives, Identity, and the Self
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
10. Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders
10.1. Mental Health and the Adult Life Course
Defining Mental Health and Psychopathology
A Multidimensional Life-Span Approach to Psychopathology
Ethnicity, Gender, Aging, and Mental Health
10.2. Developmental Issues in Assessment and Therapy
Areas of Multidimensional Assessment
Factors Influencing Assessment
Assessment Methods
Developmental Issues in Therapy
10.3. The Big Three: Depression, Delirium, and Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
10.4. Other Mental Disorders and Concerns
Anxiety Disorders
Psychotic Disorders
Alcohol Use Disorder
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
11. Relationships
11.1. Relationship Types and Issues
Friendships
Love Relationships
Violence in Relationships
11.2. Lifestyles and Love Relationships
Singlehood
Cohabitation
LGBTQ Relationships
Marriage
Divorce
Remarriage
Widowhood
11.3. Family Dynamics and the Life Course
The Parental Role
Midlife Issues: Adult Children and Caring for Aging Parents
Grandparenthood
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
12. Work, Leisure, and Retirement
12.1. Occupational Selection and Development
The Meaning of Work
Occupational Choice Revisited
Occupational Development
Job Satisfaction
12.2. Gender, Ethnicity, and Discrimination Issues
Gender Differences in Occupational Selection
Women and Occupational Development
Ethnicity and Occupational Development
Bias and Discrimination
12.3. Occupational Transitions
Retraining Workers
Occupational Insecurity
Coping with Unemployment
12.4. Work and Family
The Dependent Care Dilemma
Juggling Multiple Roles
12.5. Leisure Activities
Types of Leisure Activities
Developmental Changes in Leisure
Consequences of Leisure Activities
12.6. Retirement and Work in Late Life
What Does Being Retired Mean?
Why Do People Retire?
Adjustment to Retirement
Employment and Volunteering
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
13. Dying and Bereavement
13.1. Definitions and Ethical Issues
Sociocultural Definitions of Death
Legal and Medical Definitions
Ethical Issues
13.2. Thinking About Death: Personal Aspects
A Life-Course Approach to Dying
Dealing with One’s Own Death
Death Anxiety
13.3. End-of-Life Issues
Creating a Final Scenario
The Hospice Option
Making Your End-of-Life Intentions Known
13.4. Surviving The Loss: The Grieving Process
The Grief Process
Typical Grief Reactions
Coping with Grief
Ambiguous Loss
Complicated or Prolonged Grief Disorder
Adult Developmental Aspects of Grief
Conclusion
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
14. Healthy Aging
14.1. Demographic Trends and Social Policy
Demographic Trends: 2030
Social Security and Medicare
14.2. Healthy Aging: Living Well in Later Life
What Is Healthy Aging?
Health Promotion and Quality of Life
Using Technology to Maintain and Enhance Competence
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Lifestyle Factors
14.3. Epilogue
Summary
Review Questions
Integrating Concepts in Development
Key Terms
References
John C. Cavanaugh is senior consultant for Pathseekers II Inc. and the former president and CEO of the Consortium of Universities of the Washington Metropolitan Area. His research interests focus on gerontology concerning family caregiving and the role of beliefs in older adults’ cognitive performance. In addition to this text, he co-authored HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: A LIFE SPAN VIEW, 9th edition, with Rob Kail. Dr. Cavanaugh is a fellow of the American Psychological Association, the Association for Psychological Science and the Gerontological Society of America as well as a past president of the Adult Development and Aging Division (Division 20) of the APA. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Delaware and his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame.
Fredda Blanchard-Fields, Ph.D., is Professor of Psychology and Chair of the department at Georgia Institute of Technology. Her current research interests include social cognition in adulthood and aging as well as everyday problem solving and emotion regulation from adolescence through older adulthood. She has been published in Psychology and Aging, Developmental Psychology, Current Directions in Psychological Science, and other journals. She is a fellow of both the American Psychological Association and the Gerontological Society of America and a member of the American Psychological Society, the Society for Research and Child Development, and the Psychonomics Society.
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