Wilkins’ Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist 13th Edition by Linda D. Boyd, ISBN-13: 978-1496396273

Description

Wilkins’ Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist 13th Edition by Linda D. Boyd, ISBN-13: 978-1496396273

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ Jones & Bartlett Learning; 13th edition (February 5, 2020)
• Language: ‎ English
• 1170 pages
• ISBN-10: ‎ 1496396278
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1496396273

Staying true to Esther Wilkins’ pioneering vision that made her best-selling text the “Bible” for dental hygienists, Wilkins’ Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist, Thirteenth Edition progresses through crucial topics in dental hygiene in a straightforward format to ensure students develop the knowledge and skills they need for successful, evidence-based practice in today’s rapidly changing oral health care environment. This cornerstone text, used in almost every dental hygiene education program in the country, has been meticulously updated by previous co-authors, Linda Boyd and Charlotte Wyche, and new co-author Lisa Mallonee to even better meet the needs of today’s students and faculty, while reflecting the current state of practice in dental hygiene. Maintaining the hallmark outline format, the Thirteenth Edition continues to offer the breadth and depth necessary not only for foundation courses but for use throughout the entire dental hygiene curriculum.

Table of Contents:

Preface

Contributors

Reviewers

SECTION I

ORIENTATION TO CLINICAL DENTAL HYGIENE

PRACTICE

CHAPTER 1

The Professional Dental Hygienist

History of the Dental Hygiene Profession

Scope of Dental Hygiene Practice

Objectives for Professional Practice

Standards for Clinical Dental Hygiene Practice

Dental Hygiene Process of Care

Dental Hygiene Ethics

The Code of Ethics

Core Values

Ethical Applications

Legal Factors in Practice

Professionalism

References

CHAPTER 2

Evidence-Based Dental Hygiene Practice

Evidence-Based Practice

A Systematic Approach

Approaches to Research

Ethics in Research

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 3

Effective Health Communication

Types of Communication

Health Communication

Health Literacy

Communication Across the Life Span

Social and Economic Aspects of Health Communication

Cultural Considerations

Interprofessional Communication

Communication with Caregivers

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 4

Dental Hygiene Care in Alternative Settings

Alternative Practice Settings

Residence-Bound Patients

Dental Hygiene Care

The Critically Ill or Unconscious Patient

The Terminally Ill Patient

Documentation

References

SECTION II

PREPARATION FOR DENTAL HYGIENE PRACTICE

CHAPTER 5

Infection Control: Transmissible Diseases

Standard Precautions

Microorganisms of the Oral Cavity

The Infectious Process

Pathogens Transmissible from the Oral Cavity

Tuberculosis

Viral Hepatitis

Human Herpesvirus Diseases

Human Papillomavirus

HIV/AIDS Infection

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 6

Exposure Control: Barriers for Patient and Clinician

Infection Control

Personal Protection for the Dental Team

Clinical Attire

Use of Face Mask: Respiratory Protection

Use of Protective Eyewear

Hand Care

Hand-Hygiene Principles

Methods of Hand Hygiene

Gloves and Gloving

Latex Hypersensitivity

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 7

Infection Control: Clinical Procedures

Infection Control

Treatment Room Features

Instrument Processing Center

Precleaning Procedures

Instrument Packing and Management System

Sterilization

Moist Heat: Steam under Pressure

Dry Heat

Chemical Vapor Sterilizer

Intermediate-Use Steam Sterilization

Chemical Liquid Sterilization

Care of Sterile Instruments

Chemical Disinfectants

Barriers and Surface Covers

Preparation of the Treatment Room

Patient Preparation

Summary of Standard Procedures

Disposal of Waste

Supplemental Recommendations

Occupational Postexposure Management

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 8

Patient Reception and Ergonomic Practice

Preparation for the Patient

Patient Reception

Position of the Patient

Position of the Clinician

Neutral Working Position

The Treatment Area

Ergonomic Practice

Self-Care for the Dental Hygienist

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 9

Emergency Care

Emergency Preparedness

Prevention of Emergencies

Patient Assessment

Stress Minimization

Emergency Materials and Preparation

BLS Certification

Oxygen Administration

Specific Emergencies

Documentation

References

SECTION III

DOCUMENTATION

CHAPTER 10

Documentation for Dental Hygiene Care

The Patient Record

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Documenting the Extra- and Intraoral Examination

Tooth Numbering Systems

Charting of Hard and Soft Tissues

Periodontal Records

Dental Records

Care Plan Records

Informed Consent

Documentation of Patient Visits

References

SECTION IV

ASSESSMENT

CHAPTER 11

Medical, Dental, and Psychosocial Histories

Introduction

History Preparation

The Questionnaire

The Interview

Items Included in the History

Application of Patient Histories

Pretreatment Antibiotic Prophylaxis

American Society of Anesthesiologists Determination

Review and Update of History

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 12

Vital Signs

Introduction

Body Temperature

Pulse

Respiration

Blood Pressure

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 13

Extraoral and Intraoral Examination

Rationale for the Extraoral and Intraoral Examination

Components of Examination

Anatomic Landmarks of the Oral Cavity

Sequence of Examination

Morphologic Categories

Oral Cancer

Clinical Recommendations for Evaluation of Oral Lesions

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 14

Family Violence

Family Violence

Child Abuse and Neglect

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy

Human Trafficking

Elder Abuse and Neglect

Intimate Partner Violence

Reporting Abuse and/or Neglect

Forensic Dentistry

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 15

Dental Radiographic Imaging

Introduction

How X-Rays are Produced

Digital Radiography

Characteristics of an Acceptable Radiographic Image

Factors That Influence the Finished Radiograph

Exposure to Radiation

Risk of Injury from Radiation

Procedures for Image Receptor Placement and Angulation of

Central Ray

Image Receptor Selection for Intraoral Surveys

Periapical Survey: Paralleling Technique

Bitewing Survey

Periapical Survey: Bisecting-Angle Technique

Occlusal Survey

Panoramic Radiographic Images

Infection Control

Traditional Film Processing

Handheld X-Ray Devices

Analysis of Completed Radiographs

Ownership

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 16

Hard Tissue Examination of the Dentition

The Dentitions

Hard Tissue Examination Procedure

Developmental Enamel Lesions

Developmental Defects of Dentin

Noncarious Dental Lesions

Noncarious Cervical Lesions

Fractures of the Teeth

Dental Caries

Enamel Caries

Early Childhood Caries

Root Caries

Testing for Pulp Vitality

Occlusion

Occlusion of the Primary Teeth

Dynamic or Functional Occlusion

Trauma from Occlusion

Study Models

The Interocclusal Record

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 17

Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains

Dental Biofilm and Other Soft Deposits

Acquired Pellicle

Dental Biofilm

Supragingival and Subgingival Dental Biofilm

Composition of Dental Biofilm

Clinical Aspects of Dental Biofilm

Significance of Dental Biofilm

Materia Alba

Food Debris

Calculus

Calculus Composition

Calculus Formation

Attachment of Calculus

Significance of Dental Calculus

Clinical Characteristics

Prevention of Calculus

Dental Stains and Discolorations

Significance of Dental Stains

Extrinsic Stains

Endogenous Intrinsic Stains

Exogenous Intrinsic Stains

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 18

The Periodontium

The Normal Periodontium

The Gingival Description

The Gingiva of Young Children

The Gingiva after Periodontal Surgery

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 19

Periodontal Disease Development

Periodontal-Systemic Disease Connection

Risk Assessment

Etiology of Periodontal Disease

Risk Factors for Periodontal Diseases

Pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases

Gingival and Periodontal Pockets

Complications Resulting from Periodontal Disease Progression

The Recognition of Gingival and Periodontal Infections

Classification of Periodontal Health

Classification of Gingivitis

Classification of Periodontitis

Acute Periodontal Lesions

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 20

Periodontal Examination

Basic Instruments for Examination

The Mouth Mirror

Air–Water Syringe

Explorers

Basic Procedures for Use of Explorers

Explorers: Supragingival Procedures

Explorers: Subgingival Procedures

Periodontal Probe

Guide to Periodontal Probing

Preliminary Assessment Prior to Periodontal Examination

Parameters of Care for the Periodontal Examination

Radiographic Changes in Periodontal Disease

Other Radiographic Findings

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 21

Indices and Scoring Methods

Types of Scoring Methods

Indices

Oral Hygiene Status (Biofilm, Debris, and Calculus)

Gingival and Periodontal Health

Dental Caries Experience

Dental Fluorosis

Community-Based Oral Health Surveillance

Documentation

References

SECTION V

DENTAL HYGIENE DIAGNOSIS AND CARE

PLANNING

CHAPTER 22

Dental Hygiene Diagnosis

Introduction

Assessment Findings

The Periodontal Diagnosis and Risk Level

Dental Caries Risk Level

The Dental Hygiene Diagnosis

The Dental Hygiene Prognosis

Putting It All Together

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 23

The Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Preparation of a Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Components of a Written Care Plan

Additional Considerations

Sequencing and Prioritizing Patient Care

Presenting the Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Informed Consent

Documentation

References

SECTION VI

IMPLEMENTATION: PREVENTION

CHAPTER 24

Preventive Counseling and Behavior Change

Steps in a Preventive Program

Patient Counseling

Patient Motivation and Behavior Change

Motivational Interviewing

MI Implementation

Exploring Ambivalence

Eliciting and Recognizing Change Talk

Strengthening Commitment (The Plan)

MI with Pediatric Patients and Caregivers

Motivational Training and Coaching

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 25

Protocols for Prevention and Control of Dental Caries

History of Dental Caries Management

The Dental Caries Process

Dental Caries Classifications

Caries Risk Assessment Systems

Implementation of CRA in the Process of Care

Caries Risk Management Systems

Planning Care for the Patient’s Caries Risk Level

Continuing Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 26

Oral Infection Control: Toothbrushes and Toothbrushing

Development of Toothbrushes

Manual Toothbrushes

Power Toothbrushes

Toothbrush Selection for the Patient

Methods for Manual Toothbrushing

The Bass and Modified Bass Methods

The Stillman and Modified Stillman Methods

The Roll or Rolling Stroke Method

Charters Method

The Horizontal (or Scrub) Method

The Fones (or Circular) Method

Leonard’s (or Vertical) Method

Method for Power Toothbrushing

Supplemental Brushing Methods

Guidelines for Toothbrushing Instructions

Toothbrushing for Special Conditions

Adverse Effects of Toothbrushing

Care of Toothbrushes

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 27

Oral Infection Control: Interdental Care

The Interdental Area

Planning Interdental Care

Selective Interdental Biofilm Removal

Interdental Brushes

Dental Floss and Tape

Aids for Flossing

Power Flossers

Single-Tuft Brush (End-Tuft Brush)

Interdental Tip

Toothpick in Holder

Wooden Interdental Cleaner

Oral Irrigation

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 28

Dentifrices and Mouthrinses

Chemotherapeutics

Dentifrices

Preventive and Therapeutic Benefits of Dentifrices

Cosmetic Effects of Dentifrices

Basic Components of Dentifrices: Inactives

Active Components of Dentifrices

Selection of Dentifrices

Mouthrinses

Purposes and Uses of Mouthrinses

Preventive and Therapeutic Agents of Mouthrinses

Commercial Mouthrinse Ingredients

Procedure for Rinsing

Emerging Alternative Practices

United States Food and Drug Administration

American Dental Association Seal of Acceptance Program

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 29

The Patient with Orthodontic Appliances

Cemented Bands and Bonded Brackets

Clinical Procedures for Bonding

Dental Hygiene Care

Clinical Procedures for Band Removal and Debonding

Postdebonding Evaluation

Orthodontic Retention

Postdebonding Preventive Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 30

Care of Dental Prosthesis

Missing Teeth

The Edentulous Mouth

Purposes for Wearing a Fixed or Removable Prosthesis

Fixed Partial Denture Prostheses

Removable Partial Denture Prostheses

Complete Denture Prosthesis

Complete Overdenture Prostheses

Obturator

Denture Marking for Identification

Professional Care Procedures for Fixed Prostheses

Patient Self-Care Procedures for Fixed Prostheses

Professional Care Procedures for Removable Partial Prosthesis

Patient Self-Care Procedures for Removable Partial Prostheses

Professional Care Procedures for Complete Dentures

Patient Self-Care Procedures for the Complete Denture

Denture-Induced Oral Mucosal Lesions (OMLs)

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 31

The Patient with Dental Implants

Bone Physiology

Osseointegration

Implant Interfaces

Types of Dental Implants

Patient Selection

Evaluation for Implant Placement

Post-restorative Evaluation

Peri-Implant Preventive Care

Continuing Care

Classification of Peri-Implant Disease

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 32

The Patient with Nicotine Use Disorders

Health Hazards and Current Trends

Components of Tobacco Products and Tobacco Smoke

Metabolism of Nicotine

Alternative Tobacco Products

Systemic Effects

Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Prenatal and Children

Oral Manifestations of Tobacco and Nicotine Use

Tobacco and Periodontal Infections

Nicotine Addiction

Treatment

Pharmacotherapies Used for Treatment of Nicotine Addiction

Nicotine-Free Therapy

Dental Hygiene Care for the Patient Who Uses Tobacco

Assessment

Clinical Treatment Procedures

Tobacco Cessation Program

Motivational Interviewing

The “5 A’s”

The Team Approach

Advocacy

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 33

Diet and Dietary Analysis

Nutrient Standards for Diet Adequacy in Health Promotion

Oral Health Relationships

Counseling for Dental Caries Control

The Dietary Assessment

Preparation for Additional Counseling

Counseling Procedures

Evaluation of Progress

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 34

Fluorides

Fluoride Metabolism

Fluoride and Tooth Development

Tooth Surface Fluoride

Demineralization–Remineralization

Fluoridation

Effects and Benefits of Fluoridation

Partial Defluoridation

School Fluoridation

Discontinued Fluoridation

Fluorides in Foods

Dietary Fluoride Supplements

Professional Topical Fluoride Applications

Clinical Procedures: Professional Topical Fluoride

Self-Applied Fluorides

Tray Technique: Home Application

Fluoride Mouthrinses

Brush-On Gel

Fluoride Dentifrices

Combined Fluoride Program

Fluoride Safety

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 35

Sealants

Introduction

Sealant Materials

Indications for Sealant Placement

Penetration of Sealant

Clinical Procedures

Maintenance

School-Based Dental Sealant Programs

Documentation

References

SECTION VII

IMPLEMENTATION: TREATMENT

CHAPTER 36

Anxiety and Pain Control

Components of Pain

Pain Control Mechanisms

Nonopioid Analgesics

Nitrous Oxide–Oxygen Sedation

Characteristics of Nitrous Oxide

Equipment for Nitrous Oxide–Oxygen

Patient Selection

Clinical Procedures for Nitrous Oxide–Oxygen Administration

Potential Hazards of Occupational Exposure

Advantages and Disadvantages of Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation

Anesthesia

Local Anesthesia

Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics

Indications for Local Anesthesia

Patient Assessment

Armamentarium for Local Anesthesia

Clinical Procedures for Local Anesthetic Administration

Potential Adverse Reactions to Local Anesthesia

Advantages and Disadvantages of Local Anesthesia

Noninjectable Anesthesia

Topical Anesthesia

Application of Topical Anesthetic

New Developments in Pain Control

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 37

Instruments and Principles for Instrumentation

Overview of Periodontal Instruments

Instrument Design

Grasps and Fulcrum

Instrumentation Basics

Scalers

Curets

Periodontal Files

Powered Instruments

Sonic Scalers

Magnetostrictive Ultrasonic Scalers

Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Scalers

Powered Instrumentation Technique

Dexterity Development

Cumulative Trauma

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 38

Instrument Care and Sharpening

Instrument Sharpening

Basic Sharpening Principles

Sharpening Curets and Scalers

Moving Flat Stone: Stationary Instrument

Stationary Flat Stone: Moving Instrument

Sharpening the File Scaler

Care of Sharpening Equipment

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 39

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy and Adjunctive Therapy

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

Aims and Expected Outcomes

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy Treatment Goals

Components of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

Dental Hygiene Treatment Care Plan for Periodontal Debridement

Appointment Planning

Preparation for Periodontal Therapy

Advanced Instrumentation

Specialized Debridement Instruments

Post-Op Instruction for Periodontal Debridement Appointments

Re-Evaluation of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

Adjunctive Therapy

Antimicrobial Treatment

Indications for Use of Local Delivery Agents

Types of Local Delivery Agents

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 40

Sutures and Dressings

Sutures

Needles

Knots

Suturing Procedures

Procedure for Suture Removal

Periodontal Dressings

Types of Dressings

Clinical Application

Dressing Removal and Replacement

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 41

Dentinal Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity Defined

Etiology of Dentinal Hypersensitivity

Natural Desensitization

The Pain of Dentin Hypersensitivity

Differential Diagnosis

Hypersensitivity Management

Oral Hygiene Care and Treatment Interventions

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 42

Extrinsic Stain Removal

Introduction

Purposes for Stain Removal

Science of Polishing

Effects of Cleaning and Polishing

Indications for Stain Removal

Clinical Application of Stain Removal

Cleaning and Polishing Agents

Procedures For Stain Removal (Coronal Polishing)

The Power-Driven Instruments

Use of the Prophylaxis Angle

Air-Powder Polishing

Polishing Proximal Surfaces

Historical Perspective: The Porte Polisher

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 43

Tooth Bleaching

Overview of Tooth Bleaching

Vital Tooth Bleaching

Nonvital Tooth Bleaching

Dental Hygiene Process of Care

Documentation

References

SECTION VIII

EVALUATION

CHAPTER 44

Principles of Evaluation

Principles of Evaluation

Evaluation Based on Goals and Outcomes

Evaluation of Clinical (Treatment) Outcomes

Evaluation of Health Behavior Outcomes

Comparison of Assessment Findings

Standard of Care

Self-Assessment and Reflective Practice

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 45

Continuing Care

Goals of the Continuing Care Program

Continuing Care Appointment Procedures

Appointment Intervals (Frequency)

Methods for Continuing Care Systems

Documentation

References

SECTION IX

PATIENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

CHAPTER 46

The Pregnant Patient and Infant

Introduction

Fetal Development

Oral Findings during Pregnancy

Aspects of Patient Care

Patient Instruction

Special Problems Requiring Referral

Transitioning from Pregnancy to Infancy

Infant Oral Health

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 47

The Pediatric Patient

Pediatric Dentistry

The Child as a Patient

Patient Management Considerations

Components of the Dental Hygiene Visit

Periodontal Risk Assessment

Caries Risk Assessment

Anticipatory Guidance

Treatment Planning and Consent

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 48

The Older Adult Patient

Aging

Normal Physiologic Aging

Pathology and Disease

Chronic Conditions Associated with Aging

Oral Changes Associated with Aging

Dental Hygiene Care for the Older Adult Patient

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 49

The Patient with a Cleft Lip and/or Palate

Classification of Clefts

Etiology

General Physical Characteristics

Oral Characteristics

Treatment

Dental Hygiene Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 50

The Patient with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Neurodevelopmental Disorders Overview

Intellectual Disorders

Down Syndrome

Fragile X Syndrome

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Dental Hygiene Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 51

The Patient with a Disability

Disabilities Overview

Barrier-Free Environment

Risk Assessment

Oral Disease Prevention and Control

Patient Management

Wheelchair Transfer

Instruction for Caregivers

Group In-Service Education

The Dental Hygienist with a Disability

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 52

Neurologic Disorders and Stroke

Introduction

Neurologic Disorders Associated with Physical Disability

Other Conditions that Limit Physical Ability

Spinal Cord Injury

Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)

Bell’s Palsy (Idiopathic Temporary Facial Paralysis)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Parkinson’s Disease

Postpolio Syndrome

Cerebral Palsy

Muscular Dystrophies

Myelomeningocele

Arthritis

Summary of Considerations for Dental Hygiene Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 53

The Patient with an Endocrine Condition

Overview of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Gland Disorders

Pituitary Gland

Thyroid Gland

Parathyroid Glands

Adrenal Glands

Pancreas

Puberty

Women’s Health

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 54

The Patient with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus

Oral Health Implications of Diabetes Mellitus

Basics About Insulin

Identification of Individuals at Risk for Development of Diabetes

Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnosis of Diabetes

Standards of Medical Care for Diabetes Mellitus

Pharmacologic Therapy

Complications of Diabetes

Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 55

The Patient with Cancer

Description

Surgery

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Mucositis Management

Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 56

The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Patient

Patient Preparation

Dental Hygiene Care

Patient with Intermaxillary Fixation

Fractured Jaw

Mandibular Fractures

Midfacial Fractures

Alveolar Process Fracture

Dental Hygiene Care

Dental Hygiene Care Before General Surgery

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 57

The Patient with a Seizure Disorder

Introduction

Seizures

Clinical Manifestations

Treatment

Oral Findings

Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Emergency Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 58

The Patient with a Mental Health Disorder

Overview of Mental Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Depressive Disorders

Bipolar Disorder

Feeding and Eating Disorders

Schizophrenia

Mental Health Emergency

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 59

The Patient with a Substance-Related Disorder

Introduction

Alcohol Consumption

Metabolism of Alcohol

Health Hazards of Alcohol

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs)

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Treatment for AUD

Abuse of Prescription and Street Drugs

Risk Management for Prescription Drugs of Abuse

Most Common Drugs of Abuse

Medical Effects of Drug Abuse

Treatment Methods

Dental Hygiene Process of Care

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 60

The Patient with a Respiratory Disease

The Respiratory System

Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases

Acute Bronchitis

Pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Asthma

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Cystic Fibrosis

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 61

The Patient with Cardiovascular Disease

Introduction

Classification

Infective Endocarditis

Congenital Heart Diseases

Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Hypertension

Ischemic Heart Disease

Angina Pectoris

Myocardial Infarction

Heart Failure

Cardiac Arrhythmias

Lifestyle Management for the Patient with Cardiovascular Disease

Surgical Treatment

Antithrombotic Therapy

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 62

The Patient with a Blood Disorder

Normal Blood

Plasma

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

Platelets (Thrombocytes)

Anemia

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Megaloblastic Anemia

Sickle Cell Disease

Polycythemias

Disorders of White Blood Cells

Platelet Disorders

Bleeding or Coagulation Disorders

Dental Hygiene Care Plan

Documentation

References

CHAPTER 63

The Patient with an Autoimmune Disease

Overview of Autoimmune Diseases

Connective Tissue Autoimmune Diseases

Oral Lichen Planus

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Scleroderma

Gastrointestinal Tract Autoimmune Diseases

Celiac Disease

Crohn’s Disease

Ulcerative Colitis

Neurologic System Autoimmune Diseases

Multiple Sclerosis

Myasthenia Gravis

Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Sjögren’s Syndrome

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Documentation

References

Glossary

Index

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